This result has been formatted using multiple flags files. The "default header section" from each of them appears next.
Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ Enterprise Edition Version 8.0 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL Fortran Enterprise Edition Version 10.1 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ Enterprise Edition Version 9.0 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL Fortran Enterprise Edition Version 11.1 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ Version 10.1 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL Fortran Version 12.1 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ Version 11.1 for AIX
Compilers: IBM XL Fortran Version 13.1 for AIX
Last updated: 09-Apr-2010
IBM AIX 5L V5.3
IBM AIX V6
Last updated: 13-Apr-2009
![[user]](http://www.spec.org/auto/cpu2006/flags/user.png)
Invoke the IBM XL C compiler. 32-bit binaries are produced by default.
Allows most any c dialect.
Invoke the IBM XL C++ compiler. 32-bit binaries are produced by default.
Invoke the IBM XL C compiler. 32-bit binaries are produced by default.
Allows most any c dialect.
Invoke the IBM XL C++ compiler. 32-bit binaries are produced by default.
![[benchmark]](http://www.spec.org/auto/cpu2006/flags/benchmark.png)
This macro indicates that the benchmark is being built on a PowerPC-based AIX system.
Portability changes for AIX
This flag allow correct compilation and execution of 464.h264ref on the AIX platform.
Causes the compiler to treat "char" variables as signed instead of the default of unsigned.
This flag can be set for SPEC compilation for AIX using default compiler.
This macro indicates that the benchmark is being built on a PowerPC-based AIX system.
Portability changes for AIX
This flag allow correct compilation and execution of 464.h264ref on the AIX platform.
Causes the compiler to treat "char" variables as signed instead of the default of unsigned.
This flag can be set for SPEC compilation for AIX using default compiler.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsCauses AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
qalias=ansi | noansi If ansi is specified, type-based aliasing is used during optimization, which restricts the lvalues that can be safely used to access a data object. The default is ansi for the xlc, xlC, and c89 commands. This option has no effect unless you also specify the -O option. qalias=std |nostd Indicates whether the compilation units contain any non-standard aliasing (see Compiler Reference for more information). If so, specify nostd.
Indicates that the compiler understands how to do alloca().
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsEnables the generation of vector instructions for processors that support them.
Specifies whether to use volatile or non-volatile vector registers. Volatile vector registers are registers whose value is not preserved across function calls so the compiler will not depend on values in them across function calls.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Cause the C++ compiler to generate Run Time Type Identification code
The __IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR macro defines a different iterator for the std::vector template class. This iterator results in faster code, but is not compatible with code using the default iterator for a std::vector template class. All uses of std::vector for a data type must use the same iterator. Add -D__IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR to the compile line, or "#define __IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR 1" to your source code to use the faster iterator for std::vector template class. You must compile all sources with this macro.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Produces object code containing instructions that will run on the specified processors. "auto" selects the processor the compile is being done on. "pwr5x" is the POWER5+ processor.
Supported values for this flag are
Specifies the system architecture for which the executable program is optimized. This includes instruction scheduling and cache setting.
The supported values for suboption are
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
qalias=ansi | noansi If ansi is specified, type-based aliasing is used during optimization, which restricts the lvalues that can be safely used to access a data object. The default is ansi for the xlc, xlC, and c89 commands. This option has no effect unless you also specify the -O option. qalias=std |nostd Indicates whether the compilation units contain any non-standard aliasing (see Compiler Reference for more information). If so, specify nostd.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsIndicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Produces object code containing instructions that will run on the specified processors. "auto" selects the processor the compile is being done on. "pwr5x" is the POWER5+ processor.
Supported values for this flag are
Specifies the system architecture for which the executable program is optimized. This includes instruction scheduling and cache setting.
The supported values for suboption are
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Indicates that the compiler understands how to do alloca().
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsEnables the generation of vector instructions for processors that support them.
Specifies whether to use volatile or non-volatile vector registers. Volatile vector registers are registers whose value is not preserved across function calls so the compiler will not depend on values in them across function calls.
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsIndicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsEnables the generation of vector instructions for processors that support them.
Specifies whether to use volatile or non-volatile vector registers. Volatile vector registers are registers whose value is not preserved across function calls so the compiler will not depend on values in them across function calls.
qassert=refalign | norefalign Specifies that all pointers inside the compilation unit only point to data that is naturally aligned according to the length of the pointer types.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsCauses AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes maximum interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step. This level of optimization will increase the compiler's memory usage and compile time requirements. -O5 Provides all of the functionality of the -O4 option, but also provides the functionality of the -qipa=level=2 option.
-O5 is equivalent to the following flagsGenerates 64 bit ABI binaries. The default is to generate 32 bit ABI binaries.
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsCauses AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
Specifies what aggregate alignment rules the
compiler uses for file compilation, where the
alignment options are:
bit_packed
The compiler uses the bit_packed alignment
rules.
full
The compiler uses the RISC System/6000
alignment rules. This is the same as power.
mac68k
The compiler uses the Macintosh alignment
rules. This suboption is valid only for 32-
bit compilations.
natural
The compiler maps structure members to their
natural boundaries.
packed
The compiler uses the packed alignment rules.
power
The compiler uses the RISC System/6000
alignment rules.
twobyte
The compiler uses the Macintosh alignment
rules. This suboption is valid only for 32-
bit compilations. The mac68k option is the
same as twobyte.
The default is -qalign=full.
Cause the C++ compiler to generate Run Time Type Identification code
This option inlines glue code that optimizes external function calls when compiling.
The __IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR macro defines a different iterator for the std::vector template class. This iterator results in faster code, but is not compatible with code using the default iterator for a std::vector template class. All uses of std::vector for a data type must use the same iterator. Add -D__IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR to the compile line, or "#define __IBM_FAST_SET_MAP_ITERATOR 1" to your source code to use the faster iterator for std::vector template class. You must compile all sources with this macro.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsEnables the generation of vector instructions for processors that support them.
Specifies whether to use volatile or non-volatile vector registers. Volatile vector registers are registers whose value is not preserved across function calls so the compiler will not depend on values in them across function calls.
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
This option inlines glue code that optimizes external function calls when compiling.
Specifies what aggregate alignment rules the
compiler uses for file compilation, where the
alignment options are:
bit_packed
The compiler uses the bit_packed alignment
rules.
full
The compiler uses the RISC System/6000
alignment rules. This is the same as power.
mac68k
The compiler uses the Macintosh alignment
rules. This suboption is valid only for 32-
bit compilations.
natural
The compiler maps structure members to their
natural boundaries.
packed
The compiler uses the packed alignment rules.
power
The compiler uses the RISC System/6000
alignment rules.
twobyte
The compiler uses the Macintosh alignment
rules. This suboption is valid only for 32-
bit compilations. The mac68k option is the
same as twobyte.
The default is -qalign=full.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
The threads suboption allows the IPA optimizer to run portions of the optimization process in parallel threads, which can speed up the compilation process on multi-processor systems. All the available threads, or the number specified by N, may be used. N must be a positive integer. Specifying nothreads does not run any parallel threads; this is equivalent to running one serial thread. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Causes the system loader to put the heap in it's own segment of the size specified. This is only required for 32-bit applications, as their segments are 256M. If the last digit of the value is "C", then it also turns off the malloc pool option for that executable.
The option used in the first pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes pdf information to be generated. The profile directed feedback optimization gathers data on both execution path and data values. It does not use hardware counters, nor gather any data other than path and data values for PDF specific optimizations.
The option used in the second pass of a profile directed feedback compile that causes PDF information to be utilized during optimization.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsEnables the generation of vector instructions for processors that support them.
Specifies whether to use volatile or non-volatile vector registers. Volatile vector registers are registers whose value is not preserved across function calls so the compiler will not depend on values in them across function calls.
Produces object code containing instructions that will run on the specified processors. "auto" selects the processor the compile is being done on. "pwr5x" is the POWER5+ processor.
Supported values for this flag are
Specifies the system architecture for which the executable program is optimized. This includes instruction scheduling and cache setting.
The supported values for suboption are
Indicates that a program, designed to execute in a large page memory environment, can take advantage of large 16 MB pages provided on POWER4 and higher based systems.
Causes AIX to define "ischar()" (and friends) as macro's and not subroutines.
This option inlines glue code that optimizes external function calls when compiling.
The __IBM_FAST_VECTOR macro defines a different iterator for the std::vector template class. This iterator results in faster code, but is not compatible with code using the default iterator for a std::vector template class. All uses of std::vector for a data type must use the same iterator. Add -D__IBM_FAST_VECTOR to the compile line, or "#define __IBM_FAST_VECTOR 1" to your source code to use the faster iterator for std::vector template class. You must compile all sources with this macro.
Sets the bit in the file's XCOFF header indicating that this executable will request the use of large pages when they are available on the system and when the user has an appropriate privilege
Specifies a non-default page size of 64K for the program text segment.
Specifies whether to include standard object code in the object files. The noobject suboption can substantially reduce overall compilation time, by not generating object code during the first IPA phase. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
Specifies whether to include standard object code in the object files. The noobject suboption can substantially reduce overall compilation time, by not generating object code during the first IPA phase. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
Specifies whether to include standard object code in the object files. The noobject suboption can substantially reduce overall compilation time, by not generating object code during the first IPA phase. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
Specifies whether to include standard object code in the object files. The noobject suboption can substantially reduce overall compilation time, by not generating object code during the first IPA phase. This option does not affect the code in the final binary created.
Suppresses the message with the message number specified.
This section contains descriptions of flags that were included implicitly by other flags, but which do not have a permanent home at SPEC.
Perform optimizations for maximum performance. This includes interprocedural analysis on all of the objects presented on the "link" step.
-O4 is equivalent to the following flagsPerforms high-order transformations on loops during optimization. The supported values for suboption are:
Specifying -qhot without suboptions implies -qhot=nosimd, -qhot=noarraypad, -qhot=vector and -qhot=level=1. The -qhot option is also implied by -O4, and -O5.
Enhances optimization by doing detailed analysis across procedures (interprocedural analysis or IPA). The level determines the amount of interprocedural analysis and optimization that is performed.
level=0 Does only minimal interprocedural analysis and optimization
level=1 turns on inlining , limited alias analysis, and limited call-site tailoring
level=2 turns on full interprocedural data flow and alias analysis
Produces object code containing instructions that will run on the specified processors. "auto" selects the processor the compile is being done on. "pwr5x" is the POWER5+ processor.
Supported values for this flag are
Specifies the system architecture for which the executable program is optimized. This includes instruction scheduling and cache setting.
The supported values for suboption are
Enhances optimization by doing detailed analysis across procedures (interprocedural analysis or IPA). The level determines the amount of interprocedural analysis and optimization that is performed.
level=0 Does only minimal interprocedural analysis and optimization
level=1 turns on inlining , limited alias analysis, and limited call-site tailoring
level=2 turns on full interprocedural data flow and alias analysis
This result has been formatted using multiple flags files. The "platform settings" from each of them appears next.
The fdpr command (Feedback Directed Program Restructuring) is a performance-tuning utility that may help
improve the execution time and the real memory utilization of user-level application programs. The fdpr program
optimizes the executable image of a program by collecting information on the behavior of the program while the
program is used for some typical workload, and then creating a new version of the program that is optimized for
that workload. The new program generated by fdpr typically runs faster and uses less real memory.
Usage:
fdpr [options] -p program [-x invocation]
where -p specifies the input program, in a form of executable, shared object
or archive file
-x specifies how to invoke the program
/usr/lib/perf/fdprpro -a opt -p program -f profile [options]
is equivalent to "fdpr -3 [options] -p program"
[options] can be one or more of the following:
Action Options:
-123 Specifies which actions/phases to run, where:
-1 generates instrumented program for profile gathering
-2 runs the instrumented program and updates profile data (requires -x <invocation>)
-3 generates optimized program
Default is set to run all three phases (-123)
-a/--action [action] Specifies customized actions
where [action] can be one of the following:
anl analyze program
instr generate instrumented program for profile gathering (same as -1)
opt generate optimized program (same as -3)
check_sign check fdpr signature in the input program
Analysis Options:
-aawc/-noaawc, --analyze-assembly-written-csects/--noanalyze-assembly-written-csects
Analyze/Do not analyze objects written in Assembly. The
default is set to analyze modules written in Assembly
-acf <analysis configuration file>, --analysis-configuration-file <analysis configuration file>
Provide a configuration file of analysis information
(advanced option)
-asd, --analyze-static-data
Analyze static data objects as distinct data elements
for data reordering (unsafe for certain compilers)
-esa, --extra-safe-analysis
Limit analysis phase to compiler generated code
-fca, --funcsect-analysis
Apply special analysis for an input executable that was
compiled with the -qfuncsect compiler option
-ff <string>, --file-format <string>
Input file format: can be LM (load module) or PO
(program object)
-ifl <file>, --ignored-function-list <file>
Set the ignored function list. The file contains names
of functions that should not be instrumentated or
optimized
-iinf, --ignore-info Ignore .info sections produced with the -qfdpr option
during compile time
Instrumentation Options:
-anl, --analyze-program
Analyze the program but does not create any modified
binary. This option is used to provide dump of
profile/code coverage information. When used with the
-d option it will dump the disassembly of the original
program
-ccf <coverage_file>, --code-coverage-file <coverage_file>
Use file mapped to shared memory to collect coverage
information at run-time
-ccgi <mode>, --code-coverage-generate-info <mode>
Produce coverage information to given file based on
profile information. Use <mode>=XML for XML output and
<mode>=FLAT for flat formatted text file. The generated
file is <output file>.cci[.xml]
-cci, --code-coverage-instrumentation
Instrument program in order to obtain code coverage
information. program must be compiled with line number
debug info
-ccl <level>, --code-coverage-level <level>
Perform Code Coverage at Basic Block level (BB) or at
functions level (Func). default is BB
-ccm <coverage_map>, --code-coverage-map <coverage_map>
Defines the map file name of coverage instrumentation.
Default is <output file>.cc
-ei, --embedded-instrumentation
Perform embedded instrumentation. The profile will be
collected into global variables
-fd <Fdesc>, --file-descriptor <Fdesc>
Set the file descriptor number to be used when opening
the profile file. The default of <Fdesc> is set to the
maximum-allowed number of open files
-imullX, --mullX-instrumentation
perform value profiling of RA and RB operands in mullX
instructions
-infp, --ignore-not-found-procedures
Ignore not found procedures
-ipcr/-noipcr, --instrumentation-preserve-condition-register/--noinstrumentation-preserve-condition-register
Preserve/Do not preserve Condition Register while
calling stubs
-ipctr/-noipctr, --instrumentation-preserve-count-register/--noinstrumentation-preserve-count-register
Preserve/Do not preserve Count Register while calling
stubs
-ipe/-noipe, --instrumentation-preserve-environment/--noinstrumentation-preserve-environment
Do not preserve registers that are not overwritten while
calling stubs. -noipe implies -noipvr -noipspr
-iplr/-noiplr, --instrumentation-preserve-link-register/--noinstrumentation-preserve-link-register
Preserve/Do not preserve link register while calling
stubs
-ipnvr, --instrumentation-preserve-non-volatile-registers
Preserve non volatile registers while calling stubs
-ipspr/-noipspr, --instrumentation-preserve-special-registers/--noinstrumentation-preserve-special-registers
Preserve/Do not preserve special purpose registers while
calling stubs
-ipvr/-noipvr, --instrumentation-preserve-volatile-registers/--noinstrumentation-preserve-volatile-registers
Preserve/Do not preserve volatile registers while
calling stubs. -noipvr implies -noipnvr and -nosfp
-ipxer/-noipxer, --instrumentation-preserve-fixed-point-exception-register/--noinstrumentation-preserve-fixed-point-exception-register
Preserve/Do not preserve Fixed-Point Exception Register
while calling stubs
-issu, --instrumentation-safe-stack-usage
Ensure additional stack space is properly allocated for
the instrumented run. Use this option if your
application uses stack extensively (e.g., when the
program uses alloca()). Note that this option adds
extra overhead on instrumentation code
-iso <offset>, --instrumentation-stack-offset <offset>
Set the offset from the stack, a negative number, where
the instrumentation's area for saving registers is kept
at runtime. Use with care
-M <addr>, --profile-map <addr>
Set shared memory segment address for profiling.
Alternative shared memory addresses are needed when the
instrumented program application creates a conflict
with the shared-memory addresses preserved for the
profiling. Typical alternative values are 0x40000000,
0x50000000, ... up to 0xC0000000. The default is set to
0x3000000
-pi, --profile-instrumentation
Instrument program in order to obtain execution count
profile
-ri/-nori, --register-instrumentation/--noregister-instrumentation
Instrument/Do not instrument the input program file to
collect profile information about indirect branches via
registers. The default is set to collect the profile
information
-sfp/-nosfp, --save-floating-point-registers/--nosave-floating-point-registers
Save/Do not save floating point registers in
instrumented code. The default is set to save floating
point registers
-spescr <0-127>, --spe-scratch-register <0-127>
Specify a global SPE scratch register, decreasing
instrumenation overhead, in order to minimize
possibility of local store overflow
-ui, --user-instrumentation
Instrument program by insert calls to user supplied
functions compiled into shared library
Profile Files Options:
-af <prof_file>, --ascii-profile-file <prof_file>
Set the name of an ASCII profile file containing profile
information. There are three different XML entry
options: <Simple .. >, <Cond .. > and <Reg .. > for
profiling data on regular, conditional or branch via
register instructions, respectively
-aop, --accept-old-profile
Accept the old profile file collected on previous
versions of the input program file (requires the -f
flag)
-f <prof_file>, --profile-file <prof_file>
Set the profile file name. The profile file is created
during the instrumentation phase and read during the
optimization phase. The profile file is updated each
time you run the instrumented program
Optimization Options:
-A <alignment>, --align-code <alignment>
Align program so that hot code will be aligned on
<alignment>-byte addresses
-abb <factor>, --align-basic-blocks <factor>
Align basic blocks that are hotter than the average by a
given (float) <factor>. This is a lower-level
machine-specific alignment compared to --align-code.
Value of -1 (the default) disables this option
-bh <factor>, --branch-hint <factor>
add branch hints to basic blocks that are hotter then
the average by given (float) <factor>. This is a SPE
specific optimization. Value of -1 (the default)
disables this option
-bldcg, --build-dcg Build a Data Connectivity Graph (DCG) for enhanced data
reordering (applicable only with the -RD flag)
-btcar, --branch-table-csect-anchor-removal
Eliminate load instructions used when accessing branch
tables
-cbtd, --convert-bss-to-data
Convert BSS section into a data section. This is useful
for more aggressive tocload and RD optimizations
-cib-opt, --convert-indirect-branches-optimization
Convert indirect branch to direct branch
-cRD, --conservativeRD
Perform conservative static data reordering by packing
together all frequently referenced static variables
-dce, --dead-code-elimination
Eliminate instructions related to unused local variables
within frequently executed functions. This is useful
mainly after applying function inlining optimization
-dp, --data-prefetch Insert data-cache prefetch instructions to improve
data-cache performance
-dpht <threshold>, --data-placement-hotness-threshold <threshold>
Set data placement algorithm hotness threshold between
(0,1), where 0 reorders the static variables in large
groups based on the control flow, and 1 reorders the
variables in very small groups based on their access
frequency. (This is applicable only with the -RD flag)
-dpnf <factor>, --data-placement-normalization-factor <factor>
Set data placement algorithm normalization factor
between (0,1), where 0 causes static variables to be
reordered regardless of their size, and 1 locates only
small sized variables first. (applicable only with the
-RD flag)
-ece, --epilog-code-eliminate
Reduce code size by grouping common instructions in
function epilogs, into a single unified code
-fc, --function-cloning
Enable function cloning phase only during function
inlining optimizations (applicable only with function
inlining flags: -i, -si, -ihf, -isf, -shci)
-hr, --hco-reschedule Relocate instructions from frequently executed code to
rarely executed code areas, when possible
-hrf <factor>, --hco-resched-factor <factor>
Set the aggressiveness of the -hr optimization option
according to a factor value between (0,1), where 0 is
the least aggressive factor (applicable only with the
-hr option)
-i, --inline Same as --selective-inline with --inline-small-funcs 12
-icm-opt, --icm-optimization
Replace a sequence of l/ltr or ly/ltr instructions with
and icm or icmy instruction respectively
-ihf <pct>, --inline-hot-functions <pct>
Inline all function call sites to functions that have a
frequency count greater than the given <pct> frequency
percentage
-iplte, --inline-plt-entries
Replaces the call to a PLT entry with the PLT entry code
itself, by inlining the first part of the entry
-isf <size>, --inline-small-funcs <size>
Inline all functions that are smaller than or equal to
the given <size> in bytes
-kr, --killed-registers
Eliminate stores and restores of registers that are
killed (overwritten) after frequently executed function
calls
-lal-opt, --load-after-load-optimization
Replace two load instruction from the same memory
location to one load instruction and one placement
instruction
-lap, --load-address-propagation
Eliminate load instructions of variable addresses by
re-using pre-loaded addresses of adjacent variables
-larl-opt, --larl-optimization
Replace a sequence of bras/const area/llgt instructions
with a single lalr instruction
-las, --load-after-store
Add NOP instructions to place each load instruction
further apart following a store instruction that
references the same memory address
-ldce, --local-dead-code-optimization
Local dead code elimination (basic block scope only) -
needless when using -dce
-ldp-opt, --long-displacement-optimization
Replace an instruction which has long displacement with
the matching insturction which has short displacement,
according to the displacement operand (e.g. ay-->a,
oy-->o, xy-->x, etc.)
-lgfr-opt, --lgfr-optimization
Replace when can a 32 bit instruction with its matching
64 bit instruction
-llgh-opt, --llgh-optimization
Replace a sequence of lh/nilh/llgfr instructions with a
single llgh instruction
-lro, --link-register-optimization
Eliminate saves and restores of the link register in
frequently-executed functions
-lu <aggressiveness_factor>, --loop-unroll <aggressiveness_factor>
Unroll short loops containing one to several basic
blocks according to an aggressiveness factor between
(1,9), where 1 is the least aggressive unrolling option
for very hot and short loops
-lun <unrolling_number>, --loop-unrolling-number <unrolling_number>
Set the number of unrolled iterations in each unrolled
loop. The allowed range is between (2,50). Default is
set to 2. (Applicable only with the -lu flag)
-mvc-opt, --mvc-optimization
Replace an mvc instruction with lg/stg instructions
-nillr15-opt, --nillr15-optimization
Remove a nill r15,0xfffe instruction if followed by an
stmg r14,r12,8(r13) instruction
-O Switch on basic optimizations only. Same as -RC -nop -bp
-bf
-O2 Switch on less aggressive optimization flags. Same as -O
-hr -pto -isf 8 -tlo -kr
-O3 Switch on aggressive optimization flags. Same as -O2 -RD
-isf 12 -si -dp -lro -las -vro -btcar -lu 9 -rt 0 -so
-O4 Switch on aggressive optimization flags together with
aggressive function inlining. Same as -O3 -sidf 50 -ihf
20 -sdp 9 -shci 90 and -bldcg (for XCOFF files)
-O5 Switch on aggressive optimization flags together with
HLR optimization. Same as -O4 -sa -gcpyp -gcnstp -dce
-vrox
-omullX, --mullX-optimization
Optimize mullX instructions by adding a run-time check
on RA and RB and performing equivalent operations with
lower penalty. The optimization requires the use of
-imullX in the instrumentation phase
-pbsi, --path-based-selective-inline
Perform selective inlining of dominant hot function
calls based on the control flow paths leading to hot
functions
-pc, --preserve-csects
Preserve CSects' boundaries in reordered code
-pca, --propagate-constant-area
Relocate the constant variables area to the top of the
code section when possible
-pfb, --preserve-first-bb
Preserve original location of the entry point basic
block in program
-pp, --preserve-functions
Preserve functions' boundaries in reordered code
-pr/-nopr, --ptrgl-r11/--noptrgl-r11
Perform/Do not perform removal of R11 load instruction
in _ptrgl csect (the default is to perform the
optimization)
-pto, --ptrgl-optimization
Perform optimization of indirect call instructions via
registers by replacing them with conditional direct
jumps
-ptoht <heatness_threshold>, --ptrgl-optimization-heatness-threshold <heatness_threshold>
Set the frequency threshold for indirect calls that are
to be optimized by -pto optimization. Allowed range
between 0 and 1. Default is set to 0.8. (Applicable
only with -pto flag)
-ptosl <limit_size>, --ptrgl-optimization-size-limit <limit_size>
Set the limit of the number of conditional statements
generated by -pto optimization. Allowed values are
between 1 and 100. Default value is set to 3.
(Applicable only with the -pto flag)
-rcaf <aggressiveness_factor>, --reorder-code-aggressivenes-factor <aggressiveness_factor>
Set the aggressiveness of code reordering optimization.
Allowed values are [0 | 1 | 2], where 0 preserves then
original code order and 2 is the most aggressive.
Default is set to 1. (Applicable only with the -RC
flag)
-rccrf <reversal_factor>, --reorder-code-condition-reversal-factor <reversal_factor>
Set the threshold fraction that determines when to
enable condition reversal for each conditional branch
during code reordering. Allowed input range is between
0.0 and 1.0 where 0.0 tries to preserve original
condition direction and 1.0 ignores it. Default is set
to 0.8 (Applicable only with the -RC flag)
-rcctf <termination_factor>, --reorder-code-chain-termination-factor <termination_factor>
Set the threshold fraction that determines when to
terminate each chain of basic blocks during code
reordering. Allowed input range is between 0.0 and 1.0
where 0.0 generates long chains and 1.0 creates single
basic block chains. Default is set to 0.05. (Applicable
only with the -RC flag)
-RD, --reorder-data Perform static data reordering
-rmte, --remove-multiple-toc-entries
Remove multiple TOC entries pointing to the same
location in the input program file
-rt <removal_factor>, --reduce-toc <removal_factor>
Perform removal of TOC entries according to a removal
factor between (0,1), where 0 removes non-accessed TOC
entries only and 1 removes all possible TOC entries
-rtb, --remove-traceback-tables
Remove traceback tables in reordered code
-sal-opt, --store-after-load-optimization
Remove store after load when there is no change
-sdp <aggressiveness_factor>, --stride-data-prefetch <aggressiveness_factor>
Perform data prefetching within frequently executed
loops based on stride analysis, according to an
aggressiveness factor between (1,9), where 1 is the
least aggressive
-sdpla <iterations_number>, --stride-data-prefetch-look-ahead <iterations_number>
Set the number of iterations for which data is
prefetched into the cache ahead of time. Default value
is set to 4 iterations. (Applicable only with the -sdp
flag)
-sdpms <stride_min_size>, --stride-data-prefetch-min-size <stride_min_size>
Set the minimal stride size in bytes, for which data
will be considered a candidate for prefetching. Default
value is set to 128 bytes. (Applicable only with the
-sdp flag)
-shci <pct>, --selective-hot-code-inline <pct>
Perform selective inlining of functions in order to
decrease the total number of execution counts, so that
only functions with hotness above the given percentage
are inlined
-si, --selective-inline
Perform selective inlining of dominant hot function
calls
-sidf <percentage_factor>, --selective-inline-dominant-factor <percentage_factor>
Set a dominant factor percentage for selective inline
optimization. The allowed range is between 0 and 100.
Default is set to 80. (Applicable only with the -si and
-pbsi flags)
-siht <frequency_factor>, --selective-inline-hotness-threshold <frequency_factor>
Set a hotness threshold factor percentage for selective
inline optimization to inline all dominant function
calls that have a frequency count greater than the
given frequency percentage. Default is set to 100.
(Applicable only with the -si -pbsi flags)
-slbp, --spinlock-branch-prediction
Perform branch prediction bit setting for conditional
branches in spinlock code containing l*arx and st*cx
instructions. (Applicable after -bp flag)
-sldp, --spinlock-data-prefetch
Perform data prefetching for memory access instructions
preceding spinlock code containing l*arx and st*cx
instructions
-sll <Lib1:Prof1,...,LibN:ProfN>, --static-link-libraries <Lib1:Prof1,...,LibN:ProfN>
Statically link hot code from specified dynamically
linked libraries to the input program. The parameter
consists of a comma-separated list of libraries and
their profiles. IMPORTANT: Licensing rights of
specified libraries should be observed when applying
this copying optimization
-sllht <hotness_threshold>, --static-link-libraries-hotness-threshold <hotness_threshold>
Set hotness threshold for the --static-link-libraries
optimization. The allowed input range is between 0
(least aggressive) and 1, or -1, which does not require
a profile and selects all code that might be called by
the input program from the given libraries. Default is
set at 0.5
-so, --stack-optimization
Reduce the stack frame size of functions that are called
with a small number of arguments
-spc, --shortcut-plt-calls
Shortcut PLT calls in shared libraries to local
functions if they exist. Note: Resolving to external
symbols is disabled for such calls
-stf, --stack-flattening
Merge the stack frames of inlined functions with the
frames of the calling functions
-tb, --preserve-traceback-tables
Force the restructuring of traceback tables in reordered
code. If -tb option is omitted, traceback tables are
automatically included only for C++ applications that
use the Try & Catch mechanism
-tlo, --tocload-optimization
Replace each load instruction that references the TOC
with a corresponding add-immediate instruction via the
TOC anchor register, where possible
-ucde, --unreachable-code-data-elimination
Remove unreachable code and non-accessed static data
-vro, --volatile-registers-optimization
Eliminate stores and restores of non-volatile registers
in frequently executed functions by using available
volatile registers
-vrox, --volatile-registers-extended-optimization
Eliminate stores and restores of non-volatile registers
in frequently executed functions by using available
volatile registers, the extended version supports FP
registers and transparency
Output Options:
-bcdf <file>, --binary-code-dump-file <file>
Create a binary dump of the code (opcodes) with
annotations of addresses
-cep, --complement-edge-profile
Complements partial profile information given for the
basic blocks' frequencies by adding missing basic
block-to-basic block edge counts
-d, --disassemble-text
Print the disassembled text section of the output
program into <output_file>.dis_text file
-dap, --dump-ascii-profile
Dump profile information in ASCII format into
<program>.aprof (requires the -f flag)
-db, --disassemble-bss
Print the disassembled bss section of the output program
into <output_file>.dis_bss file
-dd, --disassemble-data
Print the disassembled data section of the output
program into <output_file>.dis_data file
-diap, --dump-initial-ascii-profile
Dump initial profile information in ASCII format into
<program>.aprof.init (requires the -f flag)
-dim, --dump-instruction-mix
Dump instruction mix statistics based on gathered
profile information
-dm, --dump-mapper Print a map of basic blocks and static variables with
their respective new -> old addresses into a
<program>.mapper file
-enc, --encapsulate Encapsulate SPE executables present in the PPE input
(see --spe-directory)
-o <output_file>, --output-file <output_file>
Set the name of the output file. The default
instrumented file is <program>.instr. The default
optimized file is <program>.fdpr
-pif, --print-inlined-funcs
Print the list of inlined functions along with their
corresponding calling functions into a
<output_file>.inl_list file (requires the -si or -i or
-isf flags)
-plc, --preserve-linkage-conventions
Preserve linkage conventions
-ppcf, --print-prof-counts-file
Print the profiling counters in ASCII format into a
<program>.counts file (requires the -f flag)
-sf, --strip-file Strip the optimized output file
-simo, --single-input-multiple-outputs
Optimize in parallel into multiple outputs as specified
by option sets read from stdin
-spedir <directory>, --spe-directory <directory>
Set the directory into which SPE executables will be
extracted and from which they will be encapsulated
General Options:
-cell, --cell-supervisor
Integrated PPE/SPE processing. Perform SPE extraction,
processing, and encapsulation automatically prior to
PPE processing
-h, --help Print online help
-m <machine-model>, --machine <machine-model>
Generate code for the specified machine model. Target
machine can be one of the following models: power2,
power3, ppc405, ppc440, power4, ppc970, power5, power6,
power7, ppe, spe, spe_edp, zArch6, zArch5. Default is
set to no machine
-q, --quiet Set quiet output mode, suppressing informational
messages
-st <stat_file>, --statistics <stat_file>
Output statistics information to <stat_file>. If
<stat_file> is '-', the output goes to standard output.
See --verbose for the default
-v <level>, --verbose <level>
Set verbose output mode level. When set, various
statistics about the target optimized program are
printed into the file <program>.stat. Allowed level
range is between 0 and 3. Default is set to 0
-V, --version Print version
-armember For archive files - list of archive members to be
optimized, if -armember is not specified, all members
will be optimized
System Commands
Usage: chsyscfg -r lpar | prof | sys | sysprof | frame
-m <managed system> | -e <managed frame>
-f <configuration file> | -i "<configuration data>"
[--help]
Changes partitions, partition profiles, system profiles, or the attributes of a
managed system or a managed frame.
-r - the type of resource(s) to be changed:
lpar - partition
prof - partition profile
sys - managed system
sysprof - system profile
frame - managed frame
-m <managed system> - the managed system's name
-e <managed frame> - the managed frame's name
-f <configuration file> - the name of the file containing the
configuration data for this command.
The format is:
attr_name1=value,attr_name2=value,...
or
"attr_name1=value1,value2,...",...
-i "<configuration data>" - the configuration data for this command.
The format is:
"attr_name1=value,attr_name2=value,..."
or
""attr_name1=value1,value2,...",..."
--help - prints this help
The valid attribute names for this command are:
-r prof required: name, lpar_id | lpar_name
optional: ...
lpar_proc_compat_mode (default | POWER6_enhanced)
Environment variables set before the run:
Flag description origin markings:
|
Indicates that the flag description came from the user flags file. |
![[suite]](http://www.spec.org/auto/cpu2006/flags/suite.png) |
Indicates that the flag description came from the suite-wide flags file. |
|
Indicates that the flag description came from a per-benchmark flags file. |
For questions about the meanings of these flags, please contact the tester.
For other inquiries, please contact webmaster@spec.org
Copyright 2006-2014 Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation
Tested with SPEC CPU2006 v1.1.
Report generated on Wed Jul 23 19:01:32 2014 by SPEC CPU2006 flags formatter v6906.